• Giving oneself right to harass and hurt subordinates, and never hesitate to cause them inconvenience or to create problems for them harming them not only in actions but also hurt them with the dagger of tongue, by using derogatory language in their presence, or, in their absence, by disclosing their secrets, by slandering them and making false accusations against them. Thus as a Muslim from whose hands and tongues other Muslims should be safe, claim of adherence of such a person to Islam contradicts his reality, and the state of his heart and his actions are opposite to his claim of being a Muslim.
• Being subdued and humble in front of the people. Idolizing people and considering them more powerful, influential and wealthier than God. This is against one’s claim that God is almighty and of only worshipping God. If one’s outward state truly mirrored his inward reality, he wouldn’t be afraid of people or influenced by their wealth or power and fear no deity except God.
• Being humble, fearful and subdued in front of all the external phenomena, yet neglectful towards the really Powerful God, the First Cause. Yet, with this state of mind, asserting faith in the Unity of God. In this state, such a person is a foreigner to the community of believers, and belongs to the group of hypocrites and the double-tongued and will be resurrected with them.
• Love to hear one’s praise that so and so is such a pious man or a talented person and express jubilance when someone says such a thing and feeling unhappy when opposite happens. If a person really believes and utters that all praise is for God, the almighty, and all his qualities are gifts of God bestowed upon him, then such an attitude contradicts his claim that all praise is for God and he lacks sincerity towards God both as Creator and as Bestower.
• Eagerness to be in the company of the rich, affluent, kings, rulers and nobles, and having averse to be in the company of poor and needy. In this state, a person’s monotheism and piety are not genuine. His piety and abstinence are for the sake of the world, and he is not sincerely devoted to God.
The Malady of Nifaq – A Dialogue
• O you who claim to possess faith in God, His prophets and hereafter! If you were a true believer, you should not have found peace for a while in this world and should have spent each and every moment of your life in the construction of the life in eternity. You should have sought refuge from this world and its temptations. If you really believed in the torments, darkness and severities lying ahead and what awaits those who do evil deeds and possess love the life of this world, then why didn’t you step out from behind the curtain of mere verbal utterances and claims?
Why actions contradicted your words and appearance? Why didn’t you think about the journey of death, which is so full of perils? Your days are past, yet you have not given up your lusts and desires. The time of your death draws near, yet you are enmeshed in your vicious deeds and entrapped in your indecent conduct.
• O God, awaken us from this protracted spell of deep slumber, and bring us back to our senses from this state of intoxication and unconsciousness. Illuminate our hearts with the light of faith and have mercy on us. We are your weak and humble creatures. You Yourself succor us and deliver us from the talons of the Devil, for the sake of Your chosen servants, Muhammad (s) and his undefiled progeny, upon all of whom be God’s benedictions.
Treatment of Nifaq
• If a person is afflicted with this ugly disease, first of all he should think about the harms caused by it, both in this world as well as in the Hereafter. He should think that it is totally against Godly created human nature to be a hypocrite. One should deliberate upon the matter that if he becomes known in this world for having this bad trait of hypocrisy, he will be degraded in the eyes of his fellows and become infamous among his fellow human beings. They will avoid his company and he will be deprived of their friendliness.
• A person with nifaq will ultimately fail to achieve any merit and to reach his higher goals. Thus, it is necessary for a man of honor and dignity endowed with the conscience to purge himself of this ignominy that consumes honor and respect, and not to allow himself to be entrapped in its disgraces.
• In the hereafter, where secrets that remained concealed from the eyes of people shall not be hidden, there, he will be raised as a deformed, ugly creature possessing two tongues of fire and punished along with the hypocrites and devils. Therefore, it is incumbent upon a man of wisdom, who sees no good in it but harm, ugliness and abomination, to get rid of this vice.
• The afflicted person should be extremely vigilant regarding his acts and utterances, and that he should act deliberately against his base wishes, wage an outright struggle against his inner self and try to improve himself inwardly as well as outwardly, both in actions as well as words. He should judge well his friendliness and enmity. He should abstain from affectation, coquetry and dissemblance in practice, and beseech the Almighty’s help and assistance during this period to give him supremacy over his devilish self and its desires and to guide and accompany him in this undertaking. His mercy and grace towards His creatures are boundless, and whosoever advances towards Him wishing to reform himself, He extends His support and help to him.
• If one perseveres in this exercise for several days, his soul would become purified and the rust of hypocrisy and double-facedness will be removed from it. The mirror of his heart and his inner being will be cleansed of this vice, and it will be ready again to receive the favors and blessings of the Bestower. [Adapted from, Al-Khumayni, Forty Hadith, chapter 9, p. 187-96]
Conclusion
• Prophet Muhammad (s): “Three signs when found in anyone, is a hypocrite even though he fasts and offers prayers and thinks that he is a Muslim: When he is trusted, he is dishonest, when he talks, he lies, and when he makes a promise, he breaks it.” [Al‑Kulayni, al-Kafi, vol.2, p. 290, hadith # 8]
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