Mr el-Keib, who is from Tripoli, is seen as a consensus candidateLibya Crisis
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Libya explained
Libya's interim authorities have named Tripoli academic Abdurrahim al-Keib as the new prime minister.
The National Transitional Council (NTC) made the announcement days after declaring the country "liberated" following the death of Colonel Gaddafi.
It also coincides with the official end of the Nato air campaign that helped overthrow the long-time leader.
The NTC wants a national congress to be elected within eight months, and multi-party elections in Libya in 2013.
Mr Keib, an academic specialising in electrical engineering and based in Tripoli, beat eight other candidates to receive 26 of the 51 votes from members of the NTC.
He is seen as a consensus candidate, who is well-liked and can hopefully smooth over rivalries within the NTC, the BBC's Katya Adler in Tripoli reports.
Mr Keib is expected to appoint a new cabinet in the coming days. The new interim government will run Libya until elections are held.
Analysis
Katya AdlerBBC News, TripoliAbdurrahim al-Keib is an electrical engineer who has studied and taught in the US and in the United Arab Emirates. Although not a familiar public figure, he is said to be well-liked within the National Transitional Council and is seen as a consensus candidate.
Libyans will be hoping he can help smooth out regional and other rivalries within the Council - evident, for example in the bickering over how, when and where to bury Col Gaddafi's body - so that Libya can move forward with its ambitious step-by-step programme to democratic elections.
It also helps that Abdurrahim al-Keib is from Tripoli. People in the capital have been irritated that the business of government has so far been run out of Benghazi in the east.
He replaces Mahmoud Jibril, who said he would stand down once Libya was declared officially "liberated" - which happened on 23 October, after the death of Col Gaddafi and the fall of his hometown of Sirte.
Spokesman Jalal el-Gallal said the NTC wanted to form a new interim government after the fall of Col Gaddafi because its initial members started out as an impromptu group, the Associated Press news agency reports.
"This vote proves that Libyans are able to build their future," NTC chairman Mustafa Abdel Jalil was quoted as saying after he voted.
The announcement came just a few hours before Nato's mission in Libya was formally due to end, at one minute to midnight Libyan time (21:59 GMT) on Monday.
Earlier, Nato chief Anders Fogh Rasmussen paid a visit to Tripoli and said the organisation was proud to have played its part during the uprising.
"At midnight tonight, a successful chapter in Nato's history is coming to an end," he said at a news conference. "But you have also started writing a new chapter in Libya's history."
He said Nato could continue to help with "defence and security reform", but that it was time for the United Nations to take the lead in international assistance for Libya.
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